Hair & Scalp
Alopecia Areata
Sudden, well-defined patches of hair loss on the scalp or beard.
What is Alopecia Areata?
Alopecia areata is an immune-mediated condition in which the body's immune system temporarily targets hair follicles, causing smooth, round patches of hair loss on the scalp, beard or body.
Symptoms
- Round or oval smooth bald patches
- Sudden onset over days to weeks
- Short broken hairs at the patch edge
- Nail pitting in some patients
Common Causes
- Autoimmune activity directed at hair follicles
- Genetic predisposition
- Association with other autoimmune conditions
- Stress as a possible trigger in some cases
Who May Be Affected
Alopecia areata can occur at any age, including childhood, and affects all hair types.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is clinical and supported by trichoscopy. Screening for associated conditions may be advised depending on your history.
Treatment Options
- Topical or intralesional anti-inflammatory therapy
- Immunomodulatory treatments for extensive disease
- Monitoring, as some patches regrow spontaneously
- Support and counselling where the condition is distressing
Prevention & Skincare Advice
- There is no known way to prevent onset
- Early assessment supports timely treatment
- Protect exposed scalp from sun
When to See a Dermatologist
See a dermatologist as soon as a patch of hair loss appears, particularly if patches are enlarging or multiplying.
Frequently Asked Questions
Information on this website is for education only and does not replace an in-person consultation with a qualified dermatologist. Treatment suitability is determined after consultation.
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